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A new raytracer for modeling AU-scale imaging of lines from protoplanetary disks

机译:一种新的光线跟踪器,用于对来自的线的aU尺度成像进行建模   原行星盘

摘要

The material that formed the present-day Solar System originated in feedingzones in the inner Solar Nebula located at distances within ~20 AU from theSun, known as the planet-forming zone. Meteoritic and cometary material containabundant evidence for the presence of a rich and active chemistry in theplanet-forming zone during the gas-rich phase of Solar System formation. It isa natural conjecture that analogs can be found amoung the zoo of protoplanetarydisks around nearby young stars. The study of the chemistry and dynamics ofplanet formation requires: 1) tracers of dense gas at 100-1000 K and 2) imagingcapabilities of such tracers with 5-100 (0.5-20 AU) milli-arcsec resolution,corresponding to the planet-forming zone at the distance of the closeststar-forming regions. Recognizing that the rich infrared (2-200 micron)molecular spectrum recently discovered to be common in protoplanetary disksrepresents such a tracer, we present a new general raytracing code, RADLite,that is optimized for producing infrared line spectra and images fromaxisymmetric structures. RADLite can consistently deal with a wide range ofvelocity gradients, such as those typical for the inner regions ofprotoplanetary disks. The code is intended as a backend for chemical andexcitation codes, and can rapidly produce spectra of thousands of lines forgrids of models for comparison with observations. Such radiative transfer toolswill be crucial for constraining both the structure and chemistry ofplanet-forming regions, including data from current infrared imagingspectrometers and extending to the Atacama Large Millimeter Array and the nextgeneration of Extremely Large Telescopes, the James Webb Space Telescope andbeyond.
机译:形成当今太阳系的物质起源于太阳内部星云中的进料区,该区距太阳约20 AU以内,即行星形成区。气象和彗星物质包含大量证据,表明在太阳系形成的富气阶段,行星形成区中存在着丰富而活跃的化学物质。一个自然的推测是,在附近年轻恒星周围的原行星盘动物园附近可以找到类似物。行星形成的化学和动力学研究需要:1)示踪剂在100-1000 K时的示踪剂; 2)此类示踪剂具有5-100(0.5-20 AU)毫弧度分辨率的成像能力,与行星形成相对应最靠近恒星形成区域的区域。认识到最近发现在原行星盘中很常见的丰富的红外(2-200微米)分子光谱代表了这样的示踪剂,我们提出了一种新的通用射线追踪代码RADLite,该代码经过优化可从轴对称结构生成红外线谱和图像。 RADLite可以始终如一地处理各种速度梯度,例如原行星盘内部区域的典型速度梯度。该代码旨在用作化学和激发代码的后端,并且可以快速生成数千个模型网格的光谱,以便与观测值进行比较。这样的辐射转移工具对于限制行星形成区域的结构和化学性质至关重要,包括从当前的红外成像光谱仪获得的数据,并扩展到阿塔卡马大型毫米波阵列和下一代超大型望远镜,詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜等。

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